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What follows is not a comprehensive bilbiography
of the Auchenorrhyncha, but simply a list of books and articles
that were consulted in the writing of the various species pages.
Arnó C., Alma A., Arzone A. 1988.
Biotaxonomy and Ecology of Japananus (Rhynchota Auchenorrhyncha).
Ball E.D. 1931. Some New Genera and Species of Leafhoppers Related
to Eutettix Van Duzee (Rhynchota Homoptera). Florida Entomologist
15(1):1-6.
Begley J.W. and Butler L. 1980. Distribution of Leafhoppers in
Subfamilies Cicadellinae and Gyponinae (Homoptera: Cicadellidae)
in West Virginia. Entomological News 91(5):165-9.
Beirne B.P. 1956. Leafhoppers (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) of Canada
and Alaska. Canadian Entomologist 88(Supplement 2):1-180.
Beirne B.P. 1952. The Nearctic Species of Macrolestes (Homoptera:
Cicadellidae). Canadian Entomologist 84:208-32.
Black L.M. and Oman P.W. 1947. Parthenogenesis in a Leafhopper,
Agallia quadripunctata (Provancher) (Homoptera: Cicadellidae).
Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 49(1):19-20.
Borror D.J., White R.E., National Audubon Society, National Wildlife
Federation, Roger Tory Peterson Institute. 1987. A Field Guide
to Insects : America North of Mexico. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
Bunker G.J., Neckermann M.L., Cooley J.R. 2007. New Northern Records
of Tibicen chloromera (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) in Connecticut. Transactions
of the American Entomological Society 133:357-61.
Carvalho C. and Webb M.D. 2005. Cercopid Spittle Bugs of the New
World (Hemiptera, Auchenorrhyncha, Cercopidae). Sofia: Pensoft.
Cocroft R.B. 2003. The Social Environment of an Aggregating, Ant-Attended
Treehopper (Hemiptera: Membracidae: Vanduzea arquata). Journal
of Insect Behavior 16(1):79-95.
Cwikla P.S. 1985. Classification of the Genus Xestocephalus (Homoptera:
Cicadellidae) for North and Central America Including the West
Indies. Brenesia 24:175-272.
DeLong D.M. 1978. The Genus Atanus (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) in
North America. Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 51(3):484-91.
DeLong D.M. Revised Key to the Idiodonus (Homoptera: Cicadellidae)
of Mexico and Bolivia. Entomological News 95(1):9-15.
Dietrich C.H. 2005. Keys to the Families of Cicadomorpha and Subfamilies
and Tribes of Cicadellidae (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha). Florida
Entomologist 88(4):502-517.
Dietrich C.H. and Dmitriev
D. Review of the New World genera of the leafhopper tribe Erythroneurini
(Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae). Bulletin of the Illinois
Natural History Survey 37 (5): 119-190.
Dietrich C.H. 1994. Systematics of the Leafhopper Genus Draeculacephala
Ball (Homoptera: Cicadellidae). Transactions of the American Entomological
Society 120(2):87-112.
Doering K. 1922. Biology and Morphology of Lepyronia quadrangularis
(Say), Homoptera, Cercopidae. Kansas University Science Bulletin
14(21):515-60.
Eaton E.R. and Kaufman K. 2007. Kaufman Field Guide to Insects
of North America. New York, N.Y: Houghton Mifflin Co.
Evans A.V. and National Wildlife Federation. 2007. National Wildlife
Federation Field Guide to Insects and Spiders & Related Species
of North America. New York: Sterling Pub.
Fritz R.S. 1983. Ant Protection of a Host Plant's Defoliator:
Consequence of an Ant-Membracid Mutualism. Ecology 64(4):789-97.
Funkhouser W.D. 1915. Life History of Vanduzea arquata Say (Membracidae).
Psyche 24(6):183-99.
Garman P. 1923. Notes on the Life History of Clastoptera obtusa
and Lepyronia quadrangularis (Order Hemiptera, Family Cercopidae).
Annals of the Entomological Society of America 16:153-63.
Gonzon A.T. and Bartlett C.R. 2007. Systematics of Hadropygos
n.g., Metadelphax Wagner, and New World Toya Distant (Hemiptera:
Delphacidae). 133:205-53.
Gove A.D. and Rico-Gray V. 2006. What Determines Conditionality
in Ant-Hemiptera Interactions? Hemiptera Habitat Preference and
the Role of Local Ant Activity. Ecological Entomology 31(6):568-74.
Hamilton K.G.A. 1985. The Graphocephala coccinea Complex in North
America (Homoptera: Auchenorryncha, Cicadellidae). Entomologische
Abhandlungen 49(6):105-11.
Hamilton K.G.A. 1985. Review of Draeculacephala Ball (Homoptera:
Auchenorrhyncha, Cicadellidae). Entomologische Abhandlungen 49(5):83-103.
Hamilton K.G.A. 1983. Synopsis of Typhlocyba Subgenus Empoa Fitch,
with a Key to the Species of the Gillettei Complex (Rhynchota:
Homoptera: Cicadellidae). Canadian Entomologist 115:67-73.
Hamilton K.G.A. 1982. Review of the Nearctic Species of the Nominate
Subgenus of Gyponana Ball (Rhynchota: Homoptera: Cicadellidae).
Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 55(3):547-62.
Hamilton K.G.A. 1980. Review of the Nearctic Idiocerinae, Excepting
those from the Sonoran Subregion (Rhynchota: Homoptera: Cicadellidae).
Canadian Entomologist 112:811-48.
Hamilton K.G.A. 1975. Review of the Northern Hemisphere Aphrodina
(Rhynchota: Homoptera: Cicadellidae), with Special Reference to
the Nearctic Fauna. Canadian Entomologist 107 (10): 1009-1027.
Hamilton K.G.A. 1975a. Revision of the Genera Paraphlepsius Baker
and Pendarus -Ball (Rhynchota: Homoptera: Cicadellidae). Memoirs
of the Entomological Society of Canada 96:1-129.
Hepner L.W. 1942. A Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Eutettix in
America North of Mexico (Homoptera. Cicadellidae.). University
of Kansas Science Bulletin 28 part II(13):253-93.
Hunt R.E. and Morton T.L. 2001. Regulation of Chorusing in the
Vibrational Communication System Ofthe Leafhopper Graminella nigrifrons.
American Zoologist 41(5):1222-8.
Johnson M.P. and Freytag P.H. 2001. Leafhoppers (Homoptera: Cicadellidae)
on Pin Oak in Kentucky. Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society
74(2):83-91.
Karban R. and Strauss S.Y. 2004. Pysiological Tolerance, Climate
Change, and a Northward Range Shift in the Spittlebug, Philaenus
spumarius. Ecological Entomology 29:251-4.
Keese M.C. and Wood T.K. 1991. Host-Plant Mediated Geographic
Variation in the Life History of Platycotis vittata (Homoptera:
Membracidae). Ecological Entomology 16(1):63-72.
Knull D.J. 1946. The Genus Bandara Ball (Homoptera: Cicadellidae).
Annals of the Entomological Society of America 39(2):259-64.
Kopp D.D. and Yonke T.R. 1974. Treehoppers of Missouri: Part 4,
Subfamily Smiliinae; Tribe Telamonini (Homoptera: Membracidae).
Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 47(1):80-130.
Kopp D.D. and Yonke T.R. 1973. The Treehoppers of Missouri: 1.
Subfamilies Centrotinae, Hoplophorioninae, and Membracinae. Journal
of the Kansas Entomological Society 46(1):42-64.
Kramer J.P. 1981. Taxonomic Study of the Planthopper Genus Cixius
in the United States and Mexico (Homoptera: Fulgoroidea: Cixiidae).
Transactions of the American Entomological Society 107(1-2):1-68.
Lago P.K. and Stanford D.F. 1989. Phytophagous Insects Associated
with Cultivated Marijuana, Cannabis sativa in Northern Mississippi.
Journal of Entomological Science 24(4):437-45.
Lessio F. and Alma A. 2004. Seasonal and Daily Movement of Scaphoideus
titanus Ball(Homoptera: Cicadellidae). Environmental Entomology
33(6):pp.1689-1694.
Liang A., and Wilson M.R. 2002. Wax-Secreting, Cuticular Structures
in Nymphs of Scolops abnormis Ball (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha:
Dictyopharidae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 75(2):132-7.
Liang A. 2001. Scanning Electron Microscopy of Antennal Sense
Organs in Prosapia bicincta (Say) (Hemiptera: Cercopidae). Journal
of Entomological Science 36(4):335-41.
Lin C.P. and Wood T.K. 2002. Molecular Phylogeny of the North
American Enchenopa binotata(Homoptera: Membracidae) Species Complex.
Annals of the Entomological Society of America 95(2):162-71.
Lin C., Cast M.S., Wood T.K., Chen M. 2007. Phylogenetics and
Phylogeography of the Oak Treehopper Platycotis vittata Indicate
Three Distinct North American Lineages and a Neotropical Origin.
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 45(2):750-6.
Loye J.E. 1982. The Bionomics of Telamona monticola (Homoptera:
Membracidae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 55(3):598-604.
Lucchi A. and Mazzoni E. 2004. Wax Production in Adults of Planthoppers
(Homoptera: Fulgoroidea)with Particular Reference to Metcalfa
pruinosa (Flatidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America
97(6):1294-8.
Lucchi A. and Santini L. 1993. Immature Stages of Metcalfa pruinosa
(Say) (Homoptera, Flatidae): Morphological and Biological Notes.
Frustula Entomologica 16:175-85.
Maier C.T. 1982. Observations on the Seventeen-Year Periodical
Cicada, Magicicada septendecim (Hemiptera: Homoptera: Cicadidae).
Annals of the Entomological Society of America 75(1):14-23.
Marshall D.C. 2001. Periodical Cicada (Homoptera: Cicadidae) Life-Cycle
Variations, the Historical Emergence Record, and the Geographic
Stability of Brood Distributions. Annals of the Entomological
Society of America 94(3):386-99.
Marshall S.A. 2006. Insects : Their Natural History and Diversity
: With a Photographic Guide to Insects of Eastern North America.
Buffalo, N.Y: Firefly Books.
Mason C.E. and Yonke T.R. 1971. Life History of Four Draeculacephala
Species and Paraulacizes irrorata (Homoptera: Cicadellidae). Annals
of the Entomological Society of America 64(6):1393-9.
Matausch, Ignaz. 1912. Observations on the Life History of Enchenopa binotata Say. Journal of the New York Entomological Society 20::58-67 plus plates.
McClure M.S. 1980. Role of Wild Host Plants in the Feeding, Oviposition,
and Dispersal of Scaphytopius acutus (Homoptera: Cicadellidae),
a Vector of Peach X-Disease. Environmental Entomology 9(3):283-92.
McClure M.S. and Price P.W. 1976. Ecotope Characteristics of Coexisting
Erythroneura Leafhoppers (Hompotera: Cicadellidae) on Sycamore.
Ecology 57(5):928-40.
McEvoy P.B. 1986. Niche Partitioning in Spittlebugs (Homoptera:
Cercopidae) Sharing Shelters on Host Plants. Ecology 67(2):465-78.
McKamey S.H. 2000. A Review of the New World Leafhopper Subgenus
Texananus (Iowanus Ball) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae)
with a Checklist and Distribution Summary for Species in the Genus.
Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 102(1):212--224.
Metcalf Z.P. 1923. Key to the Fulgoridae of Eastern North America
with Descriptions of New Species. Journal of the Elisha Mitchell
Scientific Society 38:139-230.
Meyer J.R. 1984. Life History of the Sharpnosed Leafhopper Scaphytopius
Magdalensis (Provancher) and Four Related Species in Southeastern
North Carolina. Journal of the Georgia Entomological Society 19(1):72-87.
Nachappa P. 2006. Susceptibility of Twolined Spittlebug (Hemiptera:
Cercopidae) Life Stages to Entomophagous Arthropods in Turfgrass.
Journal of Economic Entomology 99(5):1711-6.
Nachappa P., Braman S.K., Guillebeau L.P., All J.N. 2006. Functional
Response of the Tiger Beetle Megacephala carolina carolina (Coleoptera:
Carabidae) on Twolined Spittlebug (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) and
Fall Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Journal of Economic Entomology,
Vol 99, no 5 :1583.
Nault LR, Wood TK, Goff AM. 1974. Treehopper (membracidae) alarm
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Nault L.R., Rodriguez J.G., DeLong D.M., Entomological Society
of America. 1985. The Leafhoppers and Planthoppers. New York:
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Nielson M.W. and Morgan L.A. 1982. Developmental Biology of the
Leafhopper, Scaphytopius nitridus (Homoptera: Cicadellidae), with
Notes on Distribution, Hosts, and Interspecific Breeding. Annals
of the Entomological Society of America 75(3):350-2.
Oberdorster U. and Grant P.R. 2007. Predator Foolhardiness and
Morphological Evolution in 17-Year Cicadas (Magicicada Spp.).
Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 90(1):1-13.
O'Brien L.B. 1985. New Synonymies and Combinations in New World
Fulgoroidea (Achilidae, Delphacidae, Flatidae, Fulgoridae: Homoptera).
Annals of the Entomological Society of America 78(5):657-62.
Oman P.W. 1949. The Nearctic Leafhoppers (Homoptera: Cicadellidae):
A Generic Classification and Check List. Memoirs of the Entomological
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Osborn H. 1938. The Fulgoridae of Ohio. Ohio Biological Survey
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Peck D.C. 2000. Reflex Bleeding in Froghoppers (Homoptera: Cercopidae):
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Quisenbery S.S., Yonke T.R., Kopp D.D. 1978. Key to the Genera
of Certain Immature Treehoppers of Missouri with Notes on their
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Raatikainen M. and Vasarainen A. 1990. Biology of Metadelphax
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Santini L. and Lucchi A. 1994. Reproduction and Oviposition Behaviour
in Metcalfa pruinosa (Say) (Homoptera, Flatidae): Morphological
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Sinada N.A. and Blocker H.D. 1994. Revision of the New World Genus
Polyamia (Homoptera: Cicadellidae). Annals of the Entomological
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Taylor R.A.J. and Reling D. 1986. Preferred Wind Direction of
Long-Distance Leafhopper (Empoasca fabae) Migrants and its Relevance
to the Return Migration of Small Insects. The Journal of Animal
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Thompson V. 1988. Parallel Colour Form Distributions in European
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Tipping C., Triapitsyn S.V., Mizell R.F. 2006. First Record of
an Egg Parasitoid for the North American Proconiine Sharpshooter
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Tsai J.H. and Kopp D.D. 1980. Life History, Morphology, and Taxonomy
of Acutalis tartarea (Say). Journal of the New York Entomological
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Wallingford Anna K., Sforza Peter M. and Pfeiffer Douglas. 2006.
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disease vector species in Virginia vineyards, Oncometopia orbona
and Graphocephala versuta (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae).
Webb M.D. and Godoy C. 1993. Review of the Leafhopper Tribe Scaphytopiini
(Homoptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) with a Key to Genera.
Journal of Natural History 27(2):423-7.
West J. and Lees D.R. 1988. Temperature and Egg Development in
the Spittlebug Philaenus spumarius (L.) (Homoptera: Aphrophoridae).
Entomologist 107(1):46-51.
Whitney S.P. and Meyer J.R. 1988. Seasonal Dispersal and Host
Preference by Adult Sharpnosed Leafhoppers (Homoptera: Cicadellidae)
in North Carolina Woodlands. Journal of Entomological Science
23(1):59-74.
Whitney S.P. and Meyer J.R. 1988. Movement between Wild and Cultivated
Blueberry by Two Species of Sharpnosed Leafhoppers (Homoptera:
Cicadellidae) in North Carolina. Journal of Entomological Science
23(1):88-95.
Wilson S.W. and McPherson J.E. 1981. Life Histories of Acanalonia
bivittata and Acanalonia conica with Descriptions of Immature
Stages. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 74(3):289-98.
Wilson S.W. and McPherson J.E. 1981. Descriptions of the Immature
Stages of Bruchomorpha oculata with Notes on Laboratory Rearing.
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Wilson S.W. and McPherson J.E. 1980. A List of the Host Plants
of the Illinois Acanaloniidae and Flatidae. Transactions of the
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Wilson S.W. 1981 and McPherson J.E. Life Histories of Anormenis
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Descriptions of Immature Stages. Annals of the Entomological Society
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Wilson S.W. and Lucchi A. 2007. Feeding Activity of the Flatid
Planthopper Metcalfa pruinosa (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea). Journal
of the Kansas Entomological Society, Vol 80, no 2 :175-8.
Wilson S.W. and Lucchi A. 2007. Feeding Activity of the Flatid
Planthopper Metcalfa pruinosa (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea). Journal
of the Kansas Entomological Society 80(2):175-8.
Wilson S.W. and McPherson J.E. 1980. Mixed Species Feeding Assemblages
of Planthopper Nymphs (Homoptera: Fulgoroidea). Great Lakes Entomologist
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of Gregarious Feeding in the Meadow Spittlebug, Philaenus spumarius.
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Wood T.K. 1977. Role of Parent Females and Attendant Ants in the
Maturation of the Treehopper, Entylia bactriana (Homoptera, Membracidae).
Sociobiology 2(4):257-72.
Wood T.K. 1982. Ant-Attended Nymphal Aggregations in the Enchenopa
binotata Complex (Homoptera: Membracidae). Annals of the Entomological
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Wood T.K., Guttman S.I., Taylor M.C. 1984. Mating Behavior of
Platycotis vittata (Fabricius) (Homoptera: Membracidae). American
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Yensen N.P. and Clark W.H. 1976. Tending Behavior of the Ants
Formica neoclara Emery and Formica obscuriventris clivia Creighton
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(Homoptera, Cicadellidae). University of Kansas Science Bulletin
35(1):3-217.
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spumarius (L.) (Homoptera: Cercopidae) between New Zealand and
Welsh Populations. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 29(3):245-51.
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Philaenus spumarius (L.) (Homoptera: Cercopidae). Acta Zoologica
Cracoviensia 44(3):173-84.
Zimmerman R., Kondratieff B., Nelson E., Sclar C. 1996. The Life
History of Two Species of Grape Leafhoppers on Wine Grapes in
Western Colorado. Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society
69(4):337-45.
Insects of West Virginia